Asian Journal of Geographical Research

Climate change presents substantial difficulties for the agricultural industry, especially in India, because of its vast population, dependence on natural resources, and insufficient adaptation strategies. India's population reached 1.42 billion in 2024, accounting for 17.72 percent of the global population, based on international demographic data. Despite this, India represents merely 2.4 percent of the total land area worldwide. In India, substantial adverse effects are anticipated from medium-term climate change (2010-2039), which is expected to decrease agricultural yields by 4.5 to 9 percent, depending on the extent and pattern of warming.

To tackle this issue, a program known as Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) has been launched. The initiative emphasizes strategic research, technology demonstration, capacity building, and sponsored research efforts. The modules of the scheme encompass a range of elements, including conservation of natural resources, effective water management, and crop production, management of animal husbandry and fisheries, and institutional measures. By focusing on research, technology demonstration, skill enhancement, and funded research, the program seeks to address the challenges arising from changing climate conditions and ensure the enduring productivity of agriculture in at-risk areas.